Publications

My work focuses on the computational abilities and internal structure of neural sequence models, especially transformers, using tools from theoretical computer science and formal language theory.

2026

Simulating Hard Attention Using Soft Attention

Andy J Yang, Lena Strobl, David Chiang, Dana Angluin

Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 14:147–166.

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2025

Transformers as Transducers

Lena Strobl, Dana Angluin, David Chiang, Jonathan Rawski, Ashish Sabharwal

Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 13:200–219.

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2025

Concise One-Layer Transformers Can Do Function Evaluation (Sometimes)

Lena Strobl, Dana Angluin, Robert Frank

arXiv preprint.

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2024

What Formal Languages Can Transformers Express? A Survey

Lena Strobl, William Merrill, Gail Weiss, David Chiang, Dana Angluin

Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 12:543–561.

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2023

Average-Hard Attention Transformers are Constant-Depth Uniform Threshold Circuits

Lena Strobl

arXiv preprint.

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